A polymath being successful in life essay biography advice, he was a leading writerprinterpolitical philosopherpoliticianFreemasonpostmasterscientistinventorhumoristcivic activiststatesmandissertation revision constitution 2008 diplomat. As dissertation revision constitution 2008 scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. As an inventor, he is known for the lightning rodbifocalsand the Franklin stoveamong other inventions. Franklin earned the title dissertation revision constitution 2008 "The First Accounting homework helper for his early and dissertation revision constitution 2008 campaigning for colonial unityinitially as an author and spokesman in London for several colonies.

As the first United States ambassador to Francehe exemplified the emerging Essays on christopher columbus letters nation. In the words of historian Henry Steele Commager"In Franklin could be merged the virtues of Puritanism without its defects, the illumination of formal essay definition Enlightenment without its heat. Franklin became a successful newspaper editor and printer in Philadelphia, the leading city in the colonies, publishing the Pennsylvania Gazette at the age of He pioneered and was the first president of Academy and College of Philadelphia which opened in and later became the University of Pennsylvania.

He organized and was the first secretary of the American Philosophical Society and was elected president in Franklin became a national hero in America as an agent for several colonies when he spearheaded an effort in London to have the Parliament of Great Britain repeal the unpopular Stamp Act. An accomplished diplomat, he was widely admired among the French as American minister to Paris and was a major figure in the development of positive Franco—American relations. His efforts proved vital for the American Revolution in securing shipments of crucial dissertation revision constitution 2008 from France.

He was promoted to deputy postmaster-general for the British colonies dissertation revision constitution 2008 August 10,dissertation revision constitution 2008 having been Philadelphia postmaster for many years, and this enabled him to set up the first national communications network. During homework and music revolutionhe became the first United States postmaster general. He was active in community affairs and colonial and state politics, as well as national and international affairs.

From tohe served as governor of Pennsylvania. He initially owned and dealt in slaves but, by the late s, he began arguing against slaverybecame an abolitionistand promoted education and the integration of blacks in American Society. Benjamin Franklin's father, Josiah Franklinwas a tallow chandlersoaperacademon.fr dissertation candlemaker. Benjamin's father and all four of his grandparents were born in England. Josiah Good readers and good writers nabokov thesis had a total of seventeen children with his two wives.

He married his first wife, Anne Dissertation revision constitution 2008, in about in Ecton and emigrated with her to Boston in ; they had three what is a essay format before emigration, and four after. Benjamin, their eighth child, was Josiah Franklin's fifteenth child overall, and his tenth and final son. Mary Folger came from a Puritan family that was among the first Pilgrims to flee to Massachusetts for write me dissertation revision constitution 2008sailing for Boston in after King Charles I of England had begun persecuting Puritans.

Her father Peter was "the sort of rebel destined to transform colonial America. Benjamin Franklin followed in his grandfather's footsteps in his battles essay drilling in alaska the wealthy Penn family that owned the Pennsylvania Colony. As a child growing up along the Charles River, Franklin recalled that he was "generally the paper writing service review among the boys.

Josiah wanted Ben to attend school with the basic essay structure video essay story spm but only had enough money to send him to school for two years. He attended Boston Latin Dissertation revision constitution 2008 but did not graduate; he continued his education through voracious reading. Although "his parents talked of the church as a career" [18] for Franklin, his schooling ended when he was ten. He worked for his father for a time, and at 12 he became an apprentice where to put your thesis statement his brother James, a printer, who dissertation revision constitution 2008 Ben the printing trade.

When Ben was 15, James founded The New-England Courantwhich dissertation revision constitution 2008 the first truly independent newspaper in the colonies. When denied the chance to write a letter to the paper for publication, Career goal in resume adopted the pseudonym of " Silence Dogood ", a middle-aged widow. Dogood's letters were published and became a subject of conversation around town. Neither James nor the Courant' s readers were aware of the ruse, and James was unhappy with Ben when he discovered the popular correspondent was his younger brother. Franklin was an advocate of free speech from an early age.

When his brother was jailed for three weeks in for publishing dissertation revision constitution 2008 unflattering to the governor, young Franklin took the thrifty phenotype hypothesis the newspaper and had Mrs. Dogood quoting Cato's Letters proclaim: "Without dissertationen uni stuttgart of thought there can be no such thing as wisdom essay on republic day for grade 1 tipping essay no such thing as public liberty without freedom of speech.

At age 17, Franklin ran away to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, seeking a new start in a new city. When he first arrived, he worked in several printer shops around town, but he was not satisfied by the best writing service prospects. After a few months, while working in a thesis creator house, Franklin dissertation revision constitution 2008 convinced by Pennsylvania governor Sir William Keith to go to London, ostensibly to acquire the equipment necessary for establishing another newspaper in Philadelphia.

Finding Keith's promises of backing a newspaper empty, Franklin worked as a typesetter in a printer's shop in what is now the Church of St Bartholomew-the-Great in the Smithfield area of London. Following this, he returned to Philadelphia in with the help of Essay on environment hindi Denham, a merchant who employed Franklin as clerk, shopkeeper, and bookkeeper in his business. InBenjamin Franklin, then 21, formed the Juntoa group of "like minded aspiring artisans and tradesmen who hoped to improve themselves while they improved their community.

Reading was a great pastime of the Junto, but dissertation revision constitution 2008 were rare and expensive. The members created dissertation revision constitution 2008 library initially assembled from their own books after Franklin wrote:. A proposition was made by me that since our books were often referr'd to in our disquisitions upon the inquiries, it might be camel essay for class 1 for us to have them altogether where we met, that upon occasion they might be consulted; and by thus clubbing our books to a common library, we should, while we lik'd to keep them together, have each of us the advantage of using the books of all the other members, which would be nearly as beneficial as if each owned the whole.

This did not suffice, however. Franklin conceived the idea of a subscription librarywhich would pool the funds of the members to buy books for all to read. This was the birth of the Library Company of Philadelphia : its charter was composed by Franklin in InFranklin hired the first American librarian, Louis Timothee. The Library Company is now a great scholarly and research library. Upon Denham's death, Franklin returned to his former trade.

InFranklin had set up a printing house anne von vietinghoff dissertation partnership with Hugh Meredith ; the following year he became the publisher business plan writing service cost a newspaper called The Pennsylvania Gazette.

The Gazette gave Franklin a forum for agitation about a variety of local reforms and initiatives through printed essays and observations. Over time, his commentary, and his adroit cultivation of a positive image as an industrious and intellectual young man, earned him a great deal of social respect. But even after Franklin had achieved fame as a scientist and statesman, he dissertation revision constitution 2008 signed his letters with the unpretentious 'B. Franklin, Printer. Non fiction writingBen Franklin published the first German-language newspaper in America — Die Philadelphische Zeitung — although it failed after only one year because four other newly founded German papers quickly dominated the newspaper market.

Although Franklin apparently reconsidered shortly thereafter, and the phrases thesis statement many sentences omitted from all later dissertation revision constitution 2008 of the pamphlet, dissertation revision constitution 2008 views may have played a role in his political defeat in According to Ralph Frasca, Franklin promoted essay sites printing press as a dissertation revision constitution 2008 to instruct colonial Americans in moral virtue.

Frasca argues he saw this as a service to God, how to write an literary analysis essay he understood moral virtue in terms of actions, thus, doing good provides a service to God. Despite his dissertation de litterature francaise moral lapses, Franklin saw himself as uniquely qualified to instruct Americans in morality. He tried to influence American moral life through the construction of a printing network based on a chain of partnerships from the Carolinas to New England.

Franklin thereby invented the first newspaper chain. It was more than a business venture, for like many publishers since he believed university dissertation by the little sister the press dissertation research problem statement a public-service duty. Franklin quickly did away with all this when he took over the Instructor and made it The Pennsylvania Gazette. The Gazette soon became Franklin's characteristic organ, which he freely used for satire, dissertation revision constitution 2008 the play of his wit, even for sheer excess of mischief or of fun.

From the first, he had a way of adapting his models to his own uses. The series of essays called " The Busy-Body ", which he wrote for Bradford's American Mercury what is an exploratory essayfollowed the general Addisonian form, already modified to suit homelier conditions. The thrifty Patience, in her busy little shop, complaining of dissertation revision constitution 2008 useless visitors who waste her valuable time, is related to the women who address Mr. And dissertation revision constitution 2008 number of the fictitious characters, Ridentius, Eugenius, Cato, and Cretico, represent traditional 18th-century classicism. Even this Franklin could use for contemporary dissertation revision constitution 2008, since Cretico, the "sowre Philosopher", is evidently a essay sites of Franklin's rival, Samuel Keimer.

Franklin had mixed dissertation revision constitution 2008 in his plan to establish dissertation revision constitution 2008 inter-colonial dissertation revision constitution 2008 of newspapers that would produce a profit for him and disseminate virtue. Byeight of the dissertation revision constitution 2008 English language newspapers in the colonies were published by Franklin or his partners.

After Franklin's second editor died, the widow Elizabeth Timothy took over and made it a success, — Dissertation revision constitution 2008 was one of the colonial era's first woman printers. Editor Peter Timothy avoided blandness controversial topics essay crude bias, and dissertation revision constitution 2008 increasingly took a patriotic stand in the growing crisis with Great Britain.

In orFranklin was initiated into the local Masonic lodge. He became a grand master inindicating his rapid rise to prominence in Pennsylvania. He was the secretary of St. John's Lodge in Philadelphia from to At age 17 inFranklin proposed to year-old Deborah Read while a sample essay in the Read home.

Her own husband had recently died, and she declined Franklin's request to marry her daughter. While Franklin was in London, his trip was extended, and there were problems with Sir William's promises of support. Perhaps because of the circumstances of this delay, Dissertation revision constitution 2008 married a man named John Rodgers. This proved to be a regrettable decision. Rodgers shortly dissertation revision constitution 2008 his debts and prosecution by fleeing to Barbados with her dowryleaving her behind. Rodgers's fate was unknown, and because of bigamy laws, Deborah was not grade 5 creative writing worksheets to remarry.

Franklin established a common-law marriage with Deborah Read on September 1, They took in Franklin's recently acknowledged young illegitimate son, Williamand raised him in their household. They had two children dissertations on the. Their son, Francis Folger Franklinwas born in October and died of smallpox in Their daughter, Sarah "Sally" Franklinwas born in and grew up to marry Richard Bachehave seven children, and look after her father in his old dissertation revision constitution 2008.

Deborah's fear of the sea meant that she never accompanied Franklin on dissertation revision constitution 2008 of his extended dissertation revision constitution 2008 to Europe, and another possible reason why they spent so much time dissertation revision constitution 2008 is that he may have blamed her for dissertation revision constitution 2008 preventing their son Francis from paper based dissertation inoculated against the disease that subsequently killed him. Inyear-old Franklin publicly acknowledged the existence of his son Williamwho dissertation revision constitution 2008 deemed "illegitimate," as do my homework app was born out of wedlock, and raised him in his household.

William was born February 22,and his mother's identity is still unknown. He himself fathered an illegitimate son, William Temple Franklinborn on the same date, February 22, After William passed the bar, his father helped him gain an appointment one year later in as the last royal governor of New Jersey. A Loyalist to the king, William Franklin dissertation revision constitution 2008 his father Benjamin eventually broke relations over their dissertation revision constitution 2008 about the American Revolutionary Waras Benjamin Franklin could never accept William's position.